2 Corinthians 10:9

Authorized King James Version

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That I may not seem as if I would terrify you by letters.

Original Language Analysis

ἵνα That G2443
ἵνα That
Strong's: G2443
Word #: 1 of 10
in order that (denoting the purpose or the result)
μὴ G3361
μὴ
Strong's: G3361
Word #: 2 of 10
(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether
δόξω I may G1380
δόξω I may
Strong's: G1380
Word #: 3 of 10
compare the base of g1166) of the same meaning; to think; by implication, to seem (truthfully or uncertainly)
ὡς as G5613
ὡς as
Strong's: G5613
Word #: 4 of 10
which how, i.e., in that manner (very variously used, as follows)
ἂν if G302
ἂν if
Strong's: G302
Word #: 5 of 10
whatsoever
ἐκφοβεῖν I would terrify G1629
ἐκφοβεῖν I would terrify
Strong's: G1629
Word #: 6 of 10
to frighten utterly
ὑμᾶς you G5209
ὑμᾶς you
Strong's: G5209
Word #: 7 of 10
you (as the objective of a verb or preposition)
διὰ by G1223
διὰ by
Strong's: G1223
Word #: 8 of 10
through (in very wide applications, local, causal, or occasional)
τῶν G3588
τῶν
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 9 of 10
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
ἐπιστολῶν· letters G1992
ἐπιστολῶν· letters
Strong's: G1992
Word #: 10 of 10
a written message

Analysis & Commentary

That I may not seem as if I would terrify you by letters (ἵνα μὴ δόξω ὡς ἂν ἐκφοβεῖν ὑμᾶς διὰ τῶν ἐπιστολῶν)—Ekphobein (ἐκφοβεῖν, "to frighten/terrify") suggests his opponents accused Paul of using harsh letters to intimidate from a safe distance. Paul's "severe letter" (2:3-4, 7:8-12) had caused grief but produced godly repentance. He now defends this—not terrorizing but exercising legitimate apostolic authority to protect the congregation from destructive false teaching.

This verse anticipates the critique in verse 10: Paul's letters are "weighty and powerful" but his presence weak. Paul doesn't deny the charge but reframes it: his letters reflect genuine authority, which will be equally evident in person when necessary. He isn't a coward hiding behind correspondence—he's a patient shepherd giving space for repentance before confronting face-to-face.

Historical Context

Letter-writing was a recognized form of authority in the ancient world. Absent leaders governed through correspondence. Paul's extensive letter-writing ministry (13 canonical epistles) exercised apostolic oversight across multiple congregations. His opponents attempted to delegitimize this by contrasting impressive letters with unimpressive personal presence.

Questions for Reflection

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